Lichenomphalia altoandina was found in Chile and described as a new species of fungi in 2017. “If you protect one that covers a wide area, then you preserve a whole ecosystem or habitat.” “They are like a keystone species,” she explained. Giuliana Furci, the British-Chilean founder of the Fungi Foundation, said she had already persuaded her government to incorporate the protection of endangered fungi in all infrastructure projects. Other speakers ranged from Silicon Valley experts, who explained how artificial intelligence is being deployed to interpret the language of elephants and whales, to mycologists who envisaged a campaign modelled on the “everywhere, all at once” proliferation of fungal spores. “We also need to recognise that humans are not the only species capable of language.” What we say profoundly affects our senses,” he said. The forthcoming forest, or “Copygreen”, case was one of a number of nature rights ideas discussed by Moth at a week-long workshop in Chile.Īmong the participants was the geo-philosopher and deep ecologist David Abram, who first coined the term “more than humans”. Photograph: David Slater Elephant AI to fungal protection The selfie taken by a macaque monkey on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi with a camera positioned by the photographer David Slater. Sheldrake will perform the song in Ecuador’s capital, Quito, next year, after which Rodríguez-Garavito and Ecuadorean lawyers will assert the co-authorship of Los Cedros. In Song of the Forest, Sheldrake recorded the forest’s voices, including birds, animals and trees, and then mixed this with his own words and those of other Moth members, including British author Robert Macfarlane. In a test case, Moth will argue that a new piece of music was co-created by the forest with the British musician Cosmo Sheldrake. Rodríguez-Garavito is the founder of Moth, which intends to set a legal precedent by establishing the creative rights of the Los Cedros cloud forest in northern Ecuador, which has already been recognised as an entity possessing legal personhood and rights under a landmark 2021 judgment by the constitutional court of Ecuador. The idea is to embed society in the biosphere,” said César Rodríguez-Garavito, a Colombian legal scholar who heads the Earth Rights Advocacy Clinic at New York University. “We want to take the idea of rights of nature from the margin to the mainstream. 2020).They represent a new wave of nature and animal rights movements gaining traction amid frustration over humanity’s ultra-exploitative relationship with other species and growing concern about the shortcomings of the technology-and-markets approach to the climate crisis. (2021) best estimated a global rate of decline of 30-49% over the past three generations (27 years Bird et al. Combining these analyses and incorporating temporal and spatial uncertainties, Cameron et al. In the Australian Capital Territory, reporting rates were three times higher in 1987–1989 than the fairly stable reporting rate since (Canberra Ornithologists Group 2020). However, the decline in 2-ha 20-min surveys from 1999–2019 (8,987 individuals 267,885 surveys) was only 15% (BirdLife Australia 2020). 2002), including a decline of 44% in New South Wales (Barrett et al. This follows a significant decline of 22% between 1977–19–2001 (Barrett et al. Reporting rates from 500-m radius area searches (20,094 individuals 328,201 surveys), arguably the most reliable of the available survey methods for the species, declined by 69% from 1999–2019. Apart from fire impacts, trend data are not entirely consistent. It is estimated that the 2019–2020 fire season reduced the carrying capacity of 40% of grid cells by half and resulted in 10% mortality (Cameron et al. Combining these measures and uncertainty creates a likely population estimate of between 17,600 and 35,200 mature individuals, with a most likely figure (the midpoint) of 25,300. The density applied assumes an average density of 3.1 birds/km 2, that the 2019–2020 fire season reduced the carrying capacity of 40% of grid cells by half and resulted in 10% mortality (Cameron et al. (2021), the smallest being the number of 2x2 km squares for which there are records since 1990, the latter being an arbitrary value of nearly double this to account for incomplete survey effort of potentially suitable habitat. Population justification: The estimate used here is the product of three predicted AOO measures (spanning 22,700-40,000 km 2) from Cameron et al. Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)
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